Service de Chimie Organique et Photochimie

List of publications

Articles published before 2000

Author	Title	Year	Journal/Proceedings	Reftype	DOI/URL
Ortmans, I., Content, S., Boutonnet, N., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Bannwarth, W., Constant, J.-F., Defrancq, E. and Lhomme, J.	Ru-Labeled Oligonucleotides for Photoinduced Reactions on Targeted DNA Guanines [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1999	Chem. Eur. J. Vol. 5(9), pp. 2712-2721	article	DOI URL
Abstract: A series of 17-mer oligonucleotides labeled with [Ru(tap)2(dip)]2+ (tap = 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene; dip = 4,7-diphenylphenanthroline) at position 5 of an uracil residue in the middle of the sequence (e.g. see scheme) have been prepared and characterized. The luminescence of the chemically attached complex is quenched by hybridization with the complementary sequence, when it contains guanines in the vicinity of the Ru site. This electron-transfer quenching process generates a photoproduct on the illuminated duplex, that is responsible for an irreversible photocrosslinking of the two strands.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0002, author = {Ortmans, I. and Content, S. and Boutonnet, N. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Bannwarth, W. and Constant, J.-F. and Defrancq, E. and Lhomme, J.}, title = {Ru-Labeled Oligonucleotides for Photoinduced Reactions on Targeted DNA Guanines}, journal = {Chem. Eur. J.}, publisher = {WILEY-VCH Verlag}, year = {1999}, volume = {5}, number = {9}, pages = {2712-2721}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-3765(19990903)5:9<2712::AID-CHEM2712>3.0.CO;2-P}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-3765(19990903)5:9} }
Van Gijte, O. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	The dinuclear ruthenium(II) complex [(Ru(Phen)2)2(HAT)]4+ (HAT = 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene), a new photoreagent for nucleobases and photoprobe for denatured DNA [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1999	J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., pp. 951-956	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The photophysical and photochemical properties of a dinuclear ruthenium() complex, [Ru(Phen)(HAT)] (Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, HAT = 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene), have been examined in the presence of mononucleotides and different polynucleotides. Characteristic new features, not observed with monometallic ruthenium() complexes, appear with this dimeric compound. First it forms strong ion pairs with the mononucleotides, adenosine- and guanosine-5[prime or minute]-monophosphate, detected from the absorption and emission characteristics under steady state and time-resolved conditions. Secondly, under steady state illumination, very weak luminescence enhancements are induced by the addition of double stranded calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) whereas important increases of emission occur by the addition of denatured CT-DNA. The dinuclear species may thus be regarded as an excellent photoprobe for denatured DNA. On the other hand, the same photoreactivity with the nucleobases as that of the monometallic TAP (1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) and HAT complexes has been retained by the dinuclear species, (i) a photoelectron transfer from guanosine monophosphate to the excited complex correlated with the formation of a photoproduct and (ii) a photoelectron transfer with DNA; in that case, however, this process is not systematically correlated with the formation of photoproduct in contrast to the monometallic species.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0236, author = {Van Gijte, Olivier and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée}, title = {The dinuclear ruthenium(II) complex [(Ru(Phen)2)2(HAT)]4+ (HAT = 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene), a new photoreagent for nucleobases and photoprobe for denatured DNA}, journal = {J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans.}, publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry}, year = {1999}, pages = {951-956}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/A807853J}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/A807853J} }
Jacquet, L., Kelly, J.M. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Formation of a covalently-linked bimetallic compound upon irradiation of tris(1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) ruthenium(II) in the presence of 5'-guanosine-monophosphate [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1999	Inorg. Chem. Commun. Vol. 2(4), pp. 135-138	article	DOI
Abstract: A new type of binuclear Ru(II) complex [Ru(TAP)2(TAP-TAP)Ru(TAP)2]4+ (1 (TAP-TAP=2,2′-bis(1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene)) produced by photo-reaction of Ru(TAP)32+ in the presence of 5′-guanosine-monophosphate (5′-GMP) has been isolated and characterised. The formation of 1 is proposed to proceed via mono-reduced Ru(TAP)32+, i.e. [Ru2+(TAP)2(TAP˙−)]+. The emission lifetime of 1 is much greater than that of Ru(TAP)32+, consistent with an increased energy gap between the 3MLCT and 3MC states in 1. This arises because of stabilisation of its 3MLCT state due to the localisation of the excited state electron on the TAP-TAP ligand.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0615, author = {L. Jacquet and J. M. Kelly and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée}, title = {Formation of a covalently-linked bimetallic compound upon irradiation of tris(1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) ruthenium(II) in the presence of 5'-guanosine-monophosphate}, journal = {Inorg. Chem. Commun.}, year = {1999}, volume = {2}, number = {4}, pages = {135-138}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1387-7003(99)00030-1} }
Sels, B., De Vos, D., Buntinx, M., Pierard, F., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Jacobs, P.	Layered double hydroxides exchanged with tungstate as biomimetic catalysts for mild oxidative bromination. [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1999	Nature Vol. 400(6747), pp. 855	article	URL
Abstract: Describes a tungstate-exchanged layered double hydroxide that catalyses oxidative bromination and bromide-assisted epoxidation reactions in a selective manner. The catalyst being over 100 times more active than its homogeneous analogue; Prospect of being able to develop a clean and efficient industrial route to brominated chemicals and drugs and epoxide intermediates.
BibTeX: @article{PUB1574, author = {Sels, Bert and De Vos, Dirk and Buntinx, Mieke and Pierard, Frederic and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Jacobs, Pierre}, title = {Layered double hydroxides exchanged with tungstate as biomimetic catalysts for mild oxidative bromination.}, journal = {Nature}, year = {1999}, volume = {400}, number = {6747}, pages = {855}, url = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=2219143&lang=zh-tw&site=ehost-live} }
Kelly, J.M., Feeney, M.M., Jacquet, L., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Lecomte, J.-P.	Photoinduced electron transfer between ruthenium complexes and nucleotides or DNA [BibTeX]	1999	Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 69, pp. 767-772	article	URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB1578, author = {J. M. Kelly and M. M. Feeney and Luc Jacquet and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Lecomte, J-P.}, title = {Photoinduced electron transfer between ruthenium complexes and nucleotides or DNA}, journal = {Pure Appl. Chem.}, year = {1999}, volume = {69}, pages = {767-772}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac199769040767} }
Sels, B.F., De Vos, D.E., Grobet, P.J., Pierard, F., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, F. and Jacobs, P.A.	Molybdate- and Tungstate-Exchanged Layered Double Hydroxides as Catalysts for 1O2 Formation: Characterization of Reactive Oxygen Species and a Critical Evaluation of 1O2 Detection Methods [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1999	J. Phys. Chem. B Vol. 103(50), pp. 11114-11123	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with the formula [Mg0.7Al0.3(OH)2](NO3)0.3 were partially exchanged with MoO42- and WO42- and were used as heterogeneous catalysts for the decomposition of H2O2 into singlet molecular oxygen (1O2). The oxometalate anions are present on the LDH as monomeric, tetrahedral MO42- anions. With LDHâˆ’MoO42- and H2O2, 1O2 is by far the prevailing reactive oxygen species. EPR trapping detected a minor amount of free OHâ€¢ radicals, but these do not appreciably contribute to product formation in olefin oxygenation. LDHâˆ’WO42- transforms H2O2 into 1O2 about 4 times slower than the Mo catalyst, and additionally effects mono-oxygen transfer to electron-rich substrates such as amines and olefins. Only for alkenes with very low Î² values, the Schenck hydroperoxidation dominates over the epoxidation in the W-catalyzed reactions. While most tests for 1O2 detection were designed for photosensitized reactions, the applicability of these methods to dark catalytic reactions is not always clear. Therefore, a series of common 1O2 detection methods was critically evaluated in the LDHâˆ’WO42- or LDHâˆ’MoO42- + H2O2 reactions. Isomer distributions in the olefin hydroperoxidation and detection of NIR luminescence are the most reliable and sensitive methods. Quenching or trapping methods that involve amines should not be used when the catalyst also effects mono-oxygenation.
BibTeX: @article{PUB1585, author = {Sels, Bert F. and De Vos, Dirk E. and Grobet, Piet J. and Pierard, Frédéric and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, F. and Jacobs, Pierre A.}, title = {Molybdate- and Tungstate-Exchanged Layered Double Hydroxides as Catalysts for 1O2 Formation: Characterization of Reactive Oxygen Species and a Critical Evaluation of 1O2 Detection Methods}, journal = {J. Phys. Chem. B}, year = {1999}, volume = {103}, number = {50}, pages = {11114-11123}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp992236z}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp992236z} }
Constant, J.F., Defrancq, E., Lhomme, J., Boutonnet, N., Content, S., Ortmans, I. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Oligonucleotides Derivatized with Luminescent and Photoreactive RU(II) Complexes: Models for Photoelectron Transfer and Photocrosslinking [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1999	Nucleosides Nucleotides Vol. 18(6-7), pp. 1319-1320	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Abstract In this work we examined different aspects of the photo-reaction of Ru(TAP)2 (DIP)2+ (TAP = 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene; DIP = 4,7 diphenylphenanthroline) with guanine by studying synthetic oligonucleotide conjugates in which the metal complex is tethered to the oligonucleotide.
BibTeX: @article{PUB1586, author = {Constant, J F. and Defrancq, E. and Lhomme, J. and Boutonnet, N. and Content, S. and Ortmans, I. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.}, title = {Oligonucleotides Derivatized with Luminescent and Photoreactive RU(II) Complexes: Models for Photoelectron Transfer and Photocrosslinking}, journal = {Nucleosides Nucleotides}, year = {1999}, volume = {18}, number = {6-7}, pages = {1319-1320}, url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07328319908044703}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07328319908044703} }
Van Laer, F., De Vos, D.E., Vanoppen, D., Pierard, F., Brodkorb, A., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Jacobs, P.A.	Is Singlet Molecular Oxygen Involved in Oxidations Catalyzed by Ti Molecular Sieves ? [BibTeX]	1999	Proceedings of the 12th International Zeolite Conference, pp. 1213-1219	article
BibTeX: @article{PUB1587, author = {Van Laer, F. and De Vos, Dirk E. and Vanoppen, D. and Pierard, Frédéric and Brodkorb, André and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Jacobs, P. A.}, title = {Is Singlet Molecular Oxygen Involved in Oxidations Catalyzed by Ti Molecular Sieves ?}, journal = {Proceedings of the 12th International Zeolite Conference}, year = {1999}, pages = {1213-1219} }
Moucheron, C. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	New DNA-binding ruthenium(II) complexes as photo-reagents for mononucleotides and DNA [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1998	J. Phys. Org. Chem. Vol. 11(8-9), pp. 577-583	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The spectroscopic properties of two photoprobes for DNA, Ru(phen)2(PHEHAT)2+ and Ru(TAP)2(PHEHAT)2+ (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, TAP = 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene, PHEHAT = 1,10-phenanthrolino[5,6-b]-1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene), were examined and compared with those of complexes containing either an extended planar ligand (DPPZ) or π-acceptor ligands. The orbitals involved in the absorption and emission processes for Ru(phen)2(PHEHAT)2+ imply the PHEHAT ligand, whereas the chromophore and luminophore for Ru(TAP)2(PHEHAT)2+ are associated with the Ru(II) → TAP MLCT transition. The two complexes exhibit completely different behaviour in the presence of DNA. Whereas Ru(phen)2(PHEHAT)2+, which does not emit in water, luminesces upon intercalation between the DNA base pairs, the luminescence of Ru(TAP)2(PHEHAT)2+ is quenched by binding to DNA. Emission quenching is also observed in the presence of GMP, with a quenching rate constant of 1.25 × 109 l mol−1 s−1. This strongly suggests the presence of a photo-induced electron transfer from the guanine residues of GMP or DNA to the excited complex and leads to the conclusion that this complex is a good DNA photoreagent. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0062, author = {Moucheron, Cécile and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée}, title = {New DNA-binding ruthenium(II) complexes as photo-reagents for mononucleotides and DNA}, journal = {J. Phys. Org. Chem.}, publisher = {John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.}, year = {1998}, volume = {11}, number = {8-9}, pages = {577-583}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1395(199808/09)11:8/9<577::AID-POC53>3.0.CO;2-X}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1395(199808/09)11:8/9} }
Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Moucheron, C. and Boutonnet, N.	Mono- and polynuclear ruthenium(II) complexes, photo-probes and reagents for targeted DNA sites [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1998	J. Phys. Org. Chem. Vol. 11(8-9), pp. 566-576	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Several luminescent ruthenium(II) complexes were designed whose main characteristic is their photoreactivity towards mononucleotides and DNA. It was clearly demonstrated that this photoreactivity originates from a photoinduced electron transfer from a guanine to the excited complex. This process leads to the formation of an adduct which was characterized. The structure shows that the complex is anchored to the nucleotidic base via one of its polyazaaromatic ligands, thus marking irreversibly the DNA guanines. Interestingly, this property can be used in order to target, for example, (i) specific DNA sequences and (ii) particular DNA topologies. For each purpose a specific Ru(II) complex was designed. Synthetic oligonucleotides derivatized with mononuclear complexes were prepared to target and damage specific DNA sequences containing G sites. In these systems, it is shown that the DNA damage consists of an irreversible photo-crosslinking of the derivatized oligonucleotide with the complementary strand. In order to target portions of important deformation along double-stranded DNA, the dinuclear complex [Ru(phen)2]2HAT4+ was prepared and studied. This complex is too large to penetrate inside the major or minor grooves of a DNA double helix, so that only single-stranded portions of denatured DNA are accessible to this compound. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0235, author = {Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Moucheron, Cécile and Boutonnet, Nathalie}, title = {Mono- and polynuclear ruthenium(II) complexes, photo-probes and reagents for targeted DNA sites}, journal = {J. Phys. Org. Chem.}, publisher = {John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.}, year = {1998}, volume = {11}, number = {8-9}, pages = {566-576}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1395(199808/09)11:8/9<566::AID-POC63>3.0.CO;2-}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1395(199808/09)11:8/9} }
Ortmans, I., Moucheron, C. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Ru(II) polypyridine complexes with a high oxidation power. Comparison between their photoelectrochemistry with transparent SnO2 and their photochemistry with desoxyribonucleic acids [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1998	Coord. Chem. Rev. Vol. 168(0), pp. 233 - 271	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The compounds which are discussed in the present review are highly oxidizing Ru(II) complexes, based on various polyazaaromatic ligands, and acting as efficient electron acceptors in the excited state. The photoinduced charge transfer process and the following associated kinetic steps are characterized for the whole series of complexes by quite different techniques and methods. Thus their behaviour in the presence of reductants such as hydroquinone and mononucleotides (guanosine-5â€²-monophosphate and adenosine-5â€²-monophosphate) are examined by flash photolysis, spectroelectrochemistry and photoelectrochemistry. It is explained how the light-initiated electron transfer process can be applied for spectral supersensitization of wide band gap SnO2 semiconductor electrodes. Moreover, it is shown that such a knowledge of the behaviour of these photoredox reactions leads to interesting applications of these oxidizing complexes in a biological area, i.e. for the study of nucleic acids. Thus it is illustrated how these compounds can be used as promising photoreagents of DNA. The easy modulation of their size and shape, and their irreversible anchoring on the DNA bases, triggered by the reductive photoelectron transfer process from the guanine bases to the excited complex, allow one to regard these complexes as attractive molecular tools for DNA study and maybe as future possible drugs activatable under visible light.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0495, author = {Isabelle Ortmans and Cécile Moucheron and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée}, title = {Ru(II) polypyridine complexes with a high oxidation power. Comparison between their photoelectrochemistry with transparent SnO2 and their photochemistry with desoxyribonucleic acids}, journal = {Coord. Chem. Rev.}, year = {1998}, volume = {168}, number = {0}, pages = {233 - 271}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010854597000702}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0010-8545(97)00070-2} }
Moucheron, C., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Kelly, J.M.	Photophysics and photochemistry of metal polypyridyl and related complexes with nucleic acids [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1998	Vol. 92Less Common Metals in Proteins and Nucleic Acid Probes, pp. 163-216	incollection	URL
Abstract: The effect of DNA or nucleotides on the photophysical properties of metal polypyridyl complexes (especially those of ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, rhenium and copper) is reviewed. On binding to DNA the excited states of certain complexes show reduced non-radiative decay and protection from oxygen or water, while in other cases the excited state is quenched because of electron transfer from the nucleobases. Examples of photochemical induction of strand breaks, light-induced photooxidative damage and the formation of covalent photoadducts between metal complexes and nucleobases are discussed. Consideration is given to approaches being made to improve the affinity and specificity of interaction so as to generate molecular DNA photoprobes for particular DNA sequences or morphologies (e.g. cruciform, Z-DNA, single stranded DNA).
BibTeX: @incollection{PUB0736, author = {Moucheron, Cécile and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Kelly, John M.}, title = {Photophysics and photochemistry of metal polypyridyl and related complexes with nucleic acids}, booktitle = {Less Common Metals in Proteins and Nucleic Acid Probes}, publisher = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg}, year = {1998}, volume = {92}, pages = {163-216}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BFb0081080} }
Guerzo, A.D., Demeunynck, M., Lhomme, J. and Mesmaeker, A.-D.	A new bifunctional para-toluenesulfonamidophenanthroline-aminoquinoline ligand. Synthesis and characterisation of the corresponding Ru(II) complex [BibTeX]	1998	Inorg. Chem. Commun. Vol. 1(9), pp. 339 - 342	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB1575, author = {A. Del Guerzo and M. Demeunynck and J. Lhomme and A.Kirsch-De Mesmaeker}, title = {A new bifunctional para-toluenesulfonamidophenanthroline-aminoquinoline ligand. Synthesis and characterisation of the corresponding Ru(II) complex}, journal = {Inorg. Chem. Commun.}, year = {1998}, volume = {1}, number = {9}, pages = {339 - 342}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1387700398000926}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1387-7003(98)00092-6} }
Moucheron, C., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Kelly, J.M.	Photoreactions of ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) complexes with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1997	J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol. Vol. 40(2), pp. 91-106	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The design of Ru(II) and Os(II) complexes with are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) represents one of the main targets for the development of novel molecular tools for the study of DNA and, in the future, for the production of new, metal-based, anti-tumour drugs. In this review, we explain how it is possible to make a complex photoreactive with nucleobases and nucleic acids. According to the photophysical behaviour of the Ru(II) compounds, two types of photochemistry are expected: (1) photosubstitution of a ligand by a nucleobase and another monodentate ligand, which takes place from the triplet, metal-centered (1MC) state; this state is populated thermally from the lowest lying triplet metal to ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) state; (2) photoreaction from the 3MLCT state, corresponding to photoredox processes with DNA bases. The two photoreactivities are in competition. By modulating appropriately the redox properties of the 3MLCT state, an electron transfer process from the base to the excited complex takes place, and is directly correlated with DNA cleavage or the formation of an adduct of the complex to DNA. In this adduct, guanine is linked by N2 to the α-position of a non-chelating nitrogen of the polyazaaromatic ligand without destruction of the complex. Different strategies are explained which increase the affinity of the complexes for DNA and direct the complex photoreactivity to sites of special DNA topology or targeted sequences of bases. Moreover, the replacement of the Ru(II) ion by the Os(II) ion in the photoreactive complexes leads to an increased specificity of photoreaction. Indeed, only one type of photoreactivity (from the 3MLCT state) is present for the Os(II) complexes because the 3MC state is too high in energy to be populated at room temperature.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0001, author = {Cécile Moucheron and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and John M. Kelly}, title = {Photoreactions of ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) complexes with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)}, journal = {J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol.}, year = {1997}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {91-106}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1011134497000481}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1011-1344(97)00048-1} }
Jacquet, L., Davies, R.J.H., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Kelly, J.M.	Photoaddition of [Ru(tap)(2)(bpy)]2+ to DNA: A new mode of covalent attachment of metal complexes to duplex DNA [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1997	J. Am. Chem. Soc. Vol. 119(49), pp. 11763-11768	article
Abstract: Near-UV or visible light irradiation of Ru(tap)(2)(bpy)(2+) (1) (tap = 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene; bpy = 2,2'-bipyridyl) in the presence of duplex DNA induces the formation:of covalent adducts with guanine. The adduct has been isolated from the photomodified DNA as both its nucleotide and nucleobase derivatives by using a combination of enzymatic and acid hydrolytic procedures in conjunction with HPLC. Characterization by electrospray mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy shows that two isomeric covalent adducts are formed in which the exocyclic amino group of a guanine nucleobase is linked to the C2 or C7 position of one of the tap ligands. It is proposed that the products are generated from the reduced ruthenium complex and the guanine radical cation resulting from photoinduced electron transfer between 1 and guanine.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0048, author = {L. Jacquet and R. J. H. Davies and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and J. M. Kelly}, title = {Photoaddition of [Ru(tap)(2)(bpy)]2+ to DNA: A new mode of covalent attachment of metal complexes to duplex DNA}, journal = {J. Am. Chem. Soc.}, year = {1997}, volume = {119}, number = {49}, pages = {11763-11768} }
Moucheron, C., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Choua, S.	Photophysics of Ru(phen)2 (PHEHAT) 2+: A Novel "Light Switch" for DNA and Photo-oxidant for Mononucleotides [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1997	Inorg. Chem. Vol. 36(4), pp. 584-592	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The spectroelectrochemical properties of a novel light switch for DNA, Ru(phen)2(PHEHAT)2+ (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; PHEHAT = 1,10-phenanthrolino[5,6-b]1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene), are examined and compared to those of Ru(phen)2(DPPZ)2+ (DPPZ = dipyrido[3,2-a;2â€˜,3â€˜-c]phenazine) and Ru(phen)2(HAT)2+ (HAT = 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene). The excited Ru(phen)2(PHEHAT)2+ luminesces in organic solvents but not in water. It is shown that the orbitals involved in the absorption and luminescence spectroscopy are not the same as those in the electrochemistry. In aqueous solution, this complex luminesces upon intercalation of the PHEHAT ligand into the stacking of the DNA bases. Two modes of distribution of the complex on DNA can be evidenced from the titration curves of the complex with DNA. Laser flash photolysis experiments show that the excited state is able to abstract an electron from GMP (guanosine-5â€˜-monophosphate) with a rather low efficiency, leading to the reduced complex and oxidized GMP. However, this process is not accompanied by the formation of photoproduct with GMP and cannot be detected with DNA on the time scale of the experiments.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0126, author = {Moucheron, Cécile and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Choua, Sylvia}, title = {Photophysics of Ru(phen)2 (PHEHAT) 2+: A Novel "Light Switch" for DNA and Photo-oxidant for Mononucleotides}, journal = {Inorg. Chem.}, year = {1997}, volume = {36}, number = {4}, pages = {584-592}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic9609315}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic9609315} }
Del Guerzo, A., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Demeunynck, M. and Lhomme, J.	Photophysics of Bifunctional Ru(II) Complexes Bearing an Aminoquinoline Organic Unit. Potential New Photoprobes and Photoreagents of DNA [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1997	J. Phys. Chem. B Vol. 101(35), pp. 7012-7021	article	DOI URL
Abstract: [Ru(BPY)2POQâˆ’Nmet]2+ and [Ru(TAP)2POQâˆ’Nmet]2+ (1 and 3) are bifunctional complexes composed of a metallic unit linked by a flexible chain to an organic unit. They have been prepared as photoprobes or photoreagents of DNA. In this work, the spectroscopic properties of these bifunctional complexes in the absence of DNA are compared with those of the monofunctional analogues [Ru(BPY)2Phen]2+, [Ru(BPY)2acPhen]2+, [Ru(TAP)2Phen]2+, and [Ru(TAP)2acPhen]2+ (2 and 4). The electrospray mass spectrometry and absorption data show that the quinoline moiety exists in the protonated and nonprotonated form. Although the bifunctional complex containing 2,2â€˜-bipyridine (BPY) ligands exhibits photophysical properties similar to those of the monofunctional compounds, the bifunctional complex with 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene (TAP) ligands behaves quite differently. It has weaker relative emission quantum yields and shorter luminescence lifetimes than the monofunctional TAP analogue when the quinoline unit is nonprotonated. This indicates an efficient intramolecular quenching of the 3MLCT (metal to ligand charge transfer) excited state of the TAP metallic moiety. When the organic unit is protonated, there is no internal quenching. In organic solvent, the nonquenched excited metallic unit (bearing a protonated quinoline) and the quenched one (bearing a nonprotonated organic unit) are in slow equilibrium as compared to the lifetime of the two emitters. In aqueous solution this equilibrium is faster and is catalysed by the presence of phosphate buffer. Flash photolysis experiments suggest that the intramolecular quenching process originates from a photoinduced electron transfer from the nonprotonated quinoline to the excited Ru(TAP)22+ moiety.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0240, author = {Del Guerzo, André and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Demeunynck, Martine and Lhomme, Jean}, title = {Photophysics of Bifunctional Ru(II) Complexes Bearing an Aminoquinoline Organic Unit. Potential New Photoprobes and Photoreagents of DNA}, journal = {J. Phys. Chem. B}, year = {1997}, volume = {101}, number = {35}, pages = {7012-7021}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp971284l}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp971284l} }
Content, S. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	A novel metallic complex as photoreagent for the DNA guanine bases: Osmium(II) tris(tetraazaphenanthrene) [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1997	J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. Vol. 93, pp. 1089-1094	article	DOI
Abstract: A new OsII complex, Os(tap)32+ (tap=1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) has been prepared and characterized. Its spectroscopic properties in absorption and luminescence and its electrochemical behaviour are compared with those of Ru(tap)32+ and Os(phen)32+. The analysis of the dependence of the luminescence lifetime of Os(tap)32+ as a function of temperature shows that the 3MC state (metal centred) is not reached at room temperature; therefore the complex is photostable. In the presence of GMP (guanosine 5[prime or minute]-monophosphate), the emission of Os(tap)32+ is quenched with a rate constant of 6[times]108 dm3 mol-1 s-1. A photoinduced electron transfer, evidenced by laser flash photolysis, is shown to be the origin of this inhibition process. Moreover this primary charge transfer induces the formation of a photoproduct, as observed by absorption spectroscopy and HPLC; this photoproduct corresponds to an adduct of the complex to GMP without loss of ligand. Os(tap)32+ should thus behave as a new photoreagent for the DNA guanine bases without the disadvantages caused by photoinstability, as observed with Ru(tap)32+.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0461, author = {Content, Steéphane and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée}, title = {A novel metallic complex as photoreagent for the DNA guanine bases: Osmium(II) tris(tetraazaphenanthrene)}, journal = {J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans.}, year = {1997}, volume = {93}, pages = {1089-1094}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/A607008F} }
Latterini, L., Schweitzer, G., Schryver, F.D., Moucheron, C. and Mesmaeker, A.K.-D.	Femtosecond transient dynamics of a heptametallic HAT-ruthenium(II) complex. A photophysical study [BibTeX]	1997	Chem. Phys. Lett. Vol. 281(4â€“6), pp. 267 - 271	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB1576, author = {L Latterini and G Schweitzer and F.C De Schryver and C Moucheron and A Kirsch-De Mesmaeker}, title = {Femtosecond transient dynamics of a heptametallic HAT-ruthenium(II) complex. A photophysical study}, journal = {Chem. Phys. Lett.}, year = {1997}, volume = {281}, number = {4â€“6}, pages = {267 - 271}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009261497013109}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(97)01310-9} }
Rutherford, T.J., Van Gijte, O., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Keene, F.R.	Stereoisomers of Mono-, Di-, and Triruthenium(II) Complexes Containing the Bridging Ligand 1,4,5,8,9,12-Hexaazatriphenylene and Studies of Their Photophysical Properties [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1997	Inorg. Chem. Vol. 36(20), pp. 4465-4474	article	DOI URL
Abstract: A combination of synthetic methods involving mononuclear precursors of predetermined chirality Î”- or Î›-[Ru(pp)2(CO)2]2+; pp = 2,2â€˜-bipyridine or 1,10-phenanthroline and chromatographic techniques has allowed the isolation of the meso (Î”Î›) and rac (Î”Î”/Î›Î›) diastereoisomers of the dinuclear complexes [Ru(pp)22(Î¼-HAT)]4+ HAT = 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene. The enantiomers of the rac forms have been separated, and characterization of all species has been achieved by NMR and CD studies. Additonally, the homochiral (Î”3/Î›3) and heterochiral (Î”2Î›/Î›2Î”) diastereoisomers of the trinuclear complexes [Ru(pp)23(Î¼-HAT)]6+, and the enantiomers of both forms, have been isolated and identified. Emission studies of all the dinuclear species at room temperature indicate the relative luminescence quantum yields and the emission lifetimes significantly decrease for the meso compared with the rac diastereoisomers. No significant differences were detected at room temperature in the diastereoisomeric forms of the trinuclear compounds. However, in a glass at low temperature (80 K), the luminescence lifetimes of the trinuclear heterochiral diastereoisomer were slightly shorter than those of the homochiral form.
BibTeX: @article{PUB1577, author = {Rutherford, Todd J. and Van Gijte, Olivier and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Keene, F. Richard}, title = {Stereoisomers of Mono-, Di-, and Triruthenium(II) Complexes Containing the Bridging Ligand 1,4,5,8,9,12-Hexaazatriphenylene and Studies of Their Photophysical Properties}, journal = {Inorg. Chem.}, year = {1997}, volume = {36}, number = {20}, pages = {4465-4474}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic961374p}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic961374p} }
Gijte, O.V., Tatibouet, A., Demeunynck, M., Lhomme, J. and Mesmaeker, A.K.-D.	A phenanthroline analogue of Troger's base as bridging ligand in the synthesis of a bimetallic ruthenium (II) complex [BibTeX]	1997	Tetrahedron Lett. Vol. 38(9), pp. 1567 - 1570	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB1579, author = {O. Van Gijte and A. Tatibouet and M. Demeunynck and J. Lhomme and A. Kirsch-De Mesmaeker}, title = {A phenanthroline analogue of Troger's base as bridging ligand in the synthesis of a bimetallic ruthenium (II) complex}, journal = {Tetrahedron Lett.}, year = {1997}, volume = {38}, number = {9}, pages = {1567 - 1570}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040403997001512}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(97)00151-2} }
Knapp, C., Lecomte, J.-P., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Orellana, G.	Photoinduced electron transfer from nucleotides to DNA intercalating viologens A study by laser-flash photolysis and spectroelectrochemistry [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1996	J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol. Vol. 36(1), pp. 67-76	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Fluorescent DNA-binding N,N′-dialkyl 6-(2-pyridinium)phenanthridinium dications (where dialkyl stands for -(CH2)2- or -(CH2)3-, abbreviated dq2pyp and dq3pyp, respectively) associate with GMP (guanosine-5′-monophosphate) in 0.1-mol 1−1, pH 3.5–5.5, phosphate buffer solution to yield 1:1 and 1:2 non-emissive complexes, the formation constants of which range from 197-63 and 19-11 1 mol−1, respectively. In addition to the strong static quenching, dynamic deactivation of their excited state occurs at diffusion-controlled rate (kq = 5.2 × 109 1 mol−1). Illumination of the GMP-containing solutions of the dyes with a 355 nm laser pulse produces a transient, with strong absorbance at 510 and 720 nm for dq2pyp, and 420, 460 and 560 nm for dq3pyp. An identical transient is produced in the presence of ascorbic acid instead of the mononucleotide. By comparison to the electrochemically generated absorption spectra of the monoreduced dyes, the photogenerated transients have been assigned unequivocally to their corresponding radical—cations, formed by electron transfer to the singlet excited state. The back redox reaction between the oxidized quencher and dq2pyp + proceeds at a rate of 1–2 × 109 1 mol−1 s−1. The same transient has been observed also for the DNA intercalated viologens; this result, together with the little ability of these dyes to sensitize the formation of singlet dioxygen or to produce superoxide anion, demonstrate that their DNA photocleavaging activity is initiated by an efficient light-induced electron transfer from the nucleobases.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0234, author = {Carlos Knapp and J.-P. Lecomte and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Guillermo Orellana}, title = {Photoinduced electron transfer from nucleotides to DNA intercalating viologens A study by laser-flash photolysis and spectroelectrochemistry}, journal = {J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol.}, year = {1996}, volume = {36}, number = {1}, pages = {67-76}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1011134496073320}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1011-1344(96)07332-0} }
Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Lecomte, J.-P. and Kelly, J.M.	Photoreactions of metal complexes with DNA, especially those involving a primary photo-electron transfer [BibTeX]	1996	Vol. 177Electron Transfer II, pp. 25-76	incollection	URL
BibTeX: @incollection{PUB0508, author = {Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Lecomte, Jean-Paul and Kelly, John M.}, title = {Photoreactions of metal complexes with DNA, especially those involving a primary photo-electron transfer}, booktitle = {Electron Transfer II}, year = {1996}, volume = {177}, pages = {25-76}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60110-4_2} }
Sien-Hee, L.T. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Photoelectrochemistry at transparent SnO2 electrodes: supersensitization in Nafion® films by mono- and dinuclear ruthenium(II) complexes with hydroquinone [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1996	J. Electroanal. Chem. Vol. 406(1-2), pp. 147 - 154	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The photoelectrochemical (PEC) behaviour of mono- and dinuclear complexes, [Ru(tap)3]2+ (tap = 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) and [Ru(phen)2]2hat4+ (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; hat = 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene), incorporated in recast NafionÂ® on an SnO2 electrode, in contact with an aqueous solution containing a reducing agent such as hydroquinone (H2Q), is examined by two PEC methods: continuous and pulsed laser excitation. The PEC results combined with luminescence lifetime data obtained by diffuse reflectance from recast NafionÂ®, lead to the evaluation of the quenching rate constant of the excited complex by H2Q in this medium. The luminescence inhibition by electron transfer from H2Q to the excited complex produces the reduced complex to which electroactivity is attributed, i.e. the origin of photocurrent and photopotential, and which has a lifetime in the ms time domain in the polyelectrolyte. Other explanations for such long electroactive intermediates are also proposed.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0677, author = {L. Tan-Sien-Hee and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée}, title = {Photoelectrochemistry at transparent SnO2 electrodes: supersensitization in Nafion® films by mono- and dinuclear ruthenium(II) complexes with hydroquinone}, journal = {J. Electroanal. Chem.}, year = {1996}, volume = {406}, number = {1-2}, pages = {147 - 154}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0022072895044221}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(95)04422-1} }
O'Reilly, F., Kelly, J. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Interaction of a series of bimetallic ruthenium(II) bipyridyl complexes with DNA [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1996	Chem. Commun., pp. 1013-1014	article	DOI URL
Abstract: In contrast to [Ru(bipy)], the bimetallic ruthenium bipyridy1 complexes [(bipy)RuMebipy(CH)bipy MeRu(bipy)](= 5,7) bind more strongly to DNA and can photosensitise DNA strand breaks even at high ionic strengths.
BibTeX: @article{PUB1580, author = {O'Reilly, Fiona and Kelly, John and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andree}, title = {Interaction of a series of bimetallic ruthenium(II) bipyridyl complexes with DNA}, journal = {Chem. Commun.}, publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry}, year = {1996}, pages = {1013-1014}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/CC9960001013}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/CC9960001013} }
Choua, S., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Jacquet, L., Marzin, C. and Chabert, N.	Excited state properties of bis-tetraazaphenanthrene-Ru (II) diad complexes with a ferrocenyl unit [BibTeX]	1996	J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. Vol. 99(2â€“3), pp. 127 - 136	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB1581, author = {S. Choua and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and L. Jacquet and C. Marzin and N. Chabert}, title = {Excited state properties of bis-tetraazaphenanthrene-Ru (II) diad complexes with a ferrocenyl unit }, journal = {J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem.}, year = {1996}, volume = {99}, number = {2â€“3}, pages = {127 - 136}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1010603096044061}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1010-6030(96)04406-1} }
Moucheron, C., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Dupont-Gervais, A., Leize, E. and Van Dorsselaer, A.	Synthesis and Characterization by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry of a Novel Dendritic Heptanuclear Complex of Ruthenium(II) [BibTeX]	1996	J. Am. Chem. Soc. Vol. 118(50), pp. 12834-12835	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB1582, author = {Moucheron, C. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Dupont-Gervais, A. and Leize, E. and Van Dorsselaer, A.}, title = {Synthesis and Characterization by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry of a Novel Dendritic Heptanuclear Complex of Ruthenium(II)}, journal = {J. Am. Chem. Soc.}, year = {1996}, volume = {118}, number = {50}, pages = {12834-12835}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja962752s}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja962752s} }
Casu, M., Saba, G., Lai, A., Luhmer, M., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Moucheron, C. and Reisse, J.	Binding of Ru(II) polyazaaromatic complexes to DNA: A 23Na NMR spin-lattice relaxation study. [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1996	Biophys. Chem. Vol. 59(1-2), pp. 133-138	article
Abstract: The possibility of using sodium-23 spin-lattice relaxation rate measurements to probe the interaction modes of Ru11 polyazaaaromatic complexes with DNA is investigated. The following complexes are considered: Ru(phen)3(2+) (phen = 1.10-phenanthroline), Ru(phen)2HAT2+ (HAT = 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene), and Ru(diMeTAP)3(2+) (diMeTAP = 2,7-dimethyl-1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene). The addition of Ru(diMeTAP)3(2+) to a solution of NaDNA leads to a decrease in the sodium-23 spin-lattice relaxation rate (R1) similar to the effect observed upon addition of Mg2+. This indicates that Ru(diMeTAP)3(2+) interacts like Mg2+ with DNA and consequently that the electrostatic interaction dominates the association with DNA, Ru(phen)3(2+) and Ru(phen)2HAT2+ diminish R1 more efficiently than Mg2+, in a manner similar to ethidium bromide, which is known for its intercalation properties. Thus interactions other than electrostatic occur between these two complexes and DNA. These results are in agreement with data obtained from other techniques, according to which Ru(phen)3(2+) and Ru(phen)2HAT2+ are located partially inside the DNA double helix, in contrast to Ru(diMeTAP)3(2+) which remains in the ionic atmosphere around the phosphate backbone. FAU - Casu, M
BibTeX: @article{PUB1589, author = {Casu, M. and Saba, G and Lai, A and Luhmer, M. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Moucheron, C and Reisse, J}, title = {Binding of Ru(II) polyazaaromatic complexes to DNA: A 23Na NMR spin-lattice relaxation study.}, journal = {Biophys. Chem.}, year = {1996}, volume = {59}, number = {1-2}, pages = {133-138} }
Lecomte, J.-P., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Feeney, M.M. and Kelly, J.M.	Ruthenium(II) Complexes with 1,4,5,8,9,12-Hexaazatriphenylene and 1,4,5,8-Tetraazaphenanthrene Ligands: Key Role Played by the Photoelectron Transfer in DNA Cleavage and Adduct Formation [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1995	Inorg. Chem. Vol. 34(26), pp. 6481-6491	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The interaction and photoreaction of a series of ruthenium(II) complexes containing 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene (hat) and 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene (tap) ligands with nucleotides and DNA have been studied. The rate constant of quenching of the excited states of the complexes by guanosine-5'-monophosphate (GMP) is shown to depend on the reduction potentials of the metal complex excited state, suggesting that the quenching is due to electron transfer from the guanine. The more strongly oxidizing metal complex excited state species are also quenched by adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP). Electron transfer has been verified for Ru(hat)(3)(2+), Ru(tap)(3)(2+), and Ru(tap)(2)(hat)(2+) by laser flash photolysis, which indicates the formation of Ru(I) species and oxidized nucleotide intermediates with cage escape yields in the range 20-35%. Application of the Marcus theory yields a value of 1.16 V (vs NHE) for E(G.+/G) in GMP. The luminescence from Ru(hat)(3)(2+), Ru(tap)(3)(2+), Ru(tap)(2)L(2+), or Ru(hat)(2)L(2+) (L = 2,2'-bipyridine or 1,10-phenanthroline) is also quenched when the complexes are bound to DNA, and these oxidizing complexes are shown to be more efficient photosensitisers for single strand breaks in plasmid DNA. Covalently bound adducts are formed between the metal complexes and calf thymus DNA for those complexes whose excited states can oxidize guanine.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0045, author = {Lecomte, Jean-Paul and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Feeney, Martin M. and Kelly, John M.}, title = {Ruthenium(II) Complexes with 1,4,5,8,9,12-Hexaazatriphenylene and 1,4,5,8-Tetraazaphenanthrene Ligands: Key Role Played by the Photoelectron Transfer in DNA Cleavage and Adduct Formation}, journal = {Inorg. Chem.}, year = {1995}, volume = {34}, number = {26}, pages = {6481-6491}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic00130a013}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00130a013} }
Jacquet, L., Kelly, J.M. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Photoadduct between tris(1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene)ruthenium(II) and guanosine monophosphate-a model for a new mode of covalent binding of metal complexes to DNA [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1995	J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., pp. 913-914	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Visible light irradiation of [Ru(TAP)](TAP = 1,4,5,8 -tetraazaphenanthrene) in aqueous solutions containing 5[prime or minute]-guanosine-monophosphate (GMP) and subsequent treatment with 1 mol dm HCl yields Ru(TAP)(2-TAP-G), in which the guanine moiety is bound N-2 to C-2 of one of the TAP ligands.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0061, author = {Jacquet, Luc and Kelly, John M. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée}, title = {Photoadduct between tris(1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene)ruthenium(II) and guanosine monophosphate-a model for a new mode of covalent binding of metal complexes to DNA}, journal = {J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun.}, publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry}, year = {1995}, pages = {913-914}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C39950000913}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C39950000913} }
Ortmans, I., Didier, P. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	New Charge Transfer Luminescent Polymetallic Complexes of Rhodium(III), Iridium(III), and Ruthenium(II) with the Bridging Ligand 1,4,5,8,9,12-Hexaazatriphenylene [BibTeX]	1995	Inorg. Chem. Vol. 34(14), pp. 3695-3704	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB1591, author = {Ortmans, I. and Didier, P. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.}, title = {New Charge Transfer Luminescent Polymetallic Complexes of Rhodium(III), Iridium(III), and Ruthenium(II) with the Bridging Ligand 1,4,5,8,9,12-Hexaazatriphenylene}, journal = {Inorg. Chem.}, year = {1995}, volume = {34}, number = {14}, pages = {3695-3704}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic00118a017}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00118a017} }
Lecomte, J.-P., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Orellana, G.	Photophysics of Polyazaaromatic Ruthenium(II) Complexes Interacting with DNA [BibTeX]	1994	J. Phys. Chem. Vol. 98(20), pp. 5382-5388	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB0184, author = {Lecomte, Jean-Paul and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Orellana, Guillermo}, title = {Photophysics of Polyazaaromatic Ruthenium(II) Complexes Interacting with DNA}, journal = {J. Phys. Chem.}, year = {1994}, volume = {98}, number = {20}, pages = {5382-5388}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/j100071a032}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100071a032} }
Feeney, M.M., Kelly, J.M., Tossi, A.B., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Lecomte, J.-P.	Photoaddition of ruthenium(II)-tris-1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene to DNA and mononucleotides [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1994	J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol. Vol. 23(1), pp. 69-78	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Formation of adducts between Ru(TAP)2+3 (TAP= 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) and DNA has been monitored by, gel electrophoresis, UV—vis spectroscopy and dialysis methods. Adduct formation is found for both single- and double-stranded nucleic acids. The reaction with double-stranded DNA is found to be insensitive to solution pH or aeration. Spectroscopic changes similar to those for DNA are found with GMP in oxygen-free pH 5 solution. However, different reactions occur with GMP at higher pH or when the solution contains oxygen. Comparative experiments with double-stranded poly[d(G-C)] or poly[d(A-T)] indicate that the adduct with DNA involves binding to the guanosine moiety. It is proposed that the product is formed by the reaction of the reduced ruthenium complex and oxidised guanine species produced by photo-induced electron transfer.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0230, author = {Martin M. Feeney and John M. Kelly and Alessandro B. Tossi and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Jean-Paul Lecomte}, title = {Photoaddition of ruthenium(II)-tris-1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene to DNA and mononucleotides}, journal = {J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol.}, year = {1994}, volume = {23}, number = {1}, pages = {69-78}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/101113449306985C}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1011-1344(93)06985-C} }
Sien-Hee, L.T., Jacquet, L. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Quenching of excited polyazaaromatic Ru(II) complexes by oxygen: evidence for an electron transfer process by photoelectrochemical study [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1994	J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. Vol. 81(3), pp. 169-176	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The possible contribution of an electron transfer process to the quenching of excited Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes by oxygen has been the subject of controversy for many years; the existence of this process is re-examined in this work with new polyazaaromatic complexes and by a photoelectrochemical (PEC) method. The luminescence quenching rate constants kQ by oxygen in acetonitrile for a series of polyazaaromatic complexes with 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene (tap), 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene (hat) and 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) as ancillary ligand, can clearly be correlated with the oxidation potentials in the excited state. A PEC study of the quenching of Ru(bpy)32+* by oxygen in acidic medium allows determination of the quenching rate constant via the measurements of cathodic photocurrents induced at a transparent SnO2 electrode. These two investigations show that the electron transfer mechanism is certainly involved in the luminescence quenching of these Ru(II) complexes by oxygen and that the energy transfer contribution becomes rather weak for the more reducing excited complexes.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0232, author = {L. Tan-Sien-Hee and L. Jacquet and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée}, title = {Quenching of excited polyazaaromatic Ru(II) complexes by oxygen: evidence for an electron transfer process by photoelectrochemical study}, journal = {J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem.}, year = {1994}, volume = {81}, number = {3}, pages = {169-176}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/1010603094037906}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1010-6030(94)03790-6} }
Tan-Sien-Hee, L. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Spectroelectrochemical and flash photochemical reduction of 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene and 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaaza-triphenylene mono- and bi-metallic ruthenium(II) complexes [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1994	J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., pp. 3651-3658	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The Spectroelectrochemical reduction and photoreduction of [Ru(phen)(hat)](phen = 1,10-phen-anthroline. hat = 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene) and [Ru(tap)] and [Ru(bipy)(tap)](bipy = 2,2[prime or minute]-bipyridine, tap = 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) for comparison purposes, have been examined. Hydroquinone (Hquin) was chosen as the reductant for the photochemical reduction. Laser flash photolysis of these complexes with Hquin led to two transients. It is shown, on the basis of the Spectroelectrochemical reduction of free tap and hat and the corresponding complexes, that the first transient at [approximate]500 nm corresponds to the monoreduced complexes [Ru(phen)(hat[radical dot])], [Ru(tap)(tap[radical dot])] and [Ru(bipy)(tap[radical dot])] respectively; this is confirmed by the kinetic behaviour of their decays in the presence of oxidante such as benzoquinone (bquin) and O. The second transient at [approximate]350-400 nm has a much longer lifetime and is attributed to the semiquinone Hquin[radical dot], formed from the reduction of bquin (purposely added or present as traces of oxidant in the medium) by the photogenerated reduced complex. For the bimetallic complex an alternative pathway is proposed for the observation of the second transient.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0233, author = {Tan-Sien-Hee, Lise and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée}, title = {Spectroelectrochemical and flash photochemical reduction of 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene and 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaaza-triphenylene mono- and bi-metallic ruthenium(II) complexes}, journal = {J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans.}, publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry}, year = {1994}, pages = {3651-3658}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/DT9940003651}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/DT9940003651} }
Lecomte, J.-P., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Kelly, J.M.	Photochemistry of Ruthenium(II)-Tris-1,4,5,8-Tetraazaphenanthrene with Mononucleotides: Role of Ligand Photosubstitution [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1994	Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg. Vol. 103(5-6), pp. 193-200	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The photochemistry of Ru-tris-(1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) (Ru(tap)32+) in the absence and in the presence of adenosine-5′-monophosphate (AMP) and guanosine-5′-monophosphate (GMP) has been studied by flash photolysis and by steady state illumination. Laser pulsed irradiation of Ru(tap)32+ in the presence of AMP produces, with a rather low yield, the transient reduced complex, Ru(tap)31+, by electron transfer from AMP to the excited complex. The flash photolysis of the same solution, after pre-illumination, shows that a new photoactive compound absorbs at = 500 nm and its efficiency of production decreases at lower temperature and pH. Comparison with the photodechelation of Ru(tap)32+ in the absence of mononucleotide, and with the photoadduct formation between Ru(tap)32+ and GMP/AMP, leads to the conclusion that this photoactive species could correspond to [Ru(tap)2AMP, X]n+ formed by photosubstitution of a tap ligand in the presence of AMP.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0252, author = {Lecomte, J.-P. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Kelly, J. M.}, title = {Photochemistry of Ruthenium(II)-Tris-1,4,5,8-Tetraazaphenanthrene with Mononucleotides: Role of Ligand Photosubstitution}, journal = {Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg.}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA}, year = {1994}, volume = {103}, number = {5-6}, pages = {193-200}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bscb.19941030505}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bscb.19941030505} }
Moucheron, C., Dietrich-Buchecker, C.O., Sauvage, J.-P. and van Dorsselaer, A.	Synthesis and characterization by fast atom bombardment and electrospray mass spectrometry of new copper(I) complexes with substituted 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylenes and macrocycles [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1994	J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., pp. 885-893	article	DOI URL
Abstract: A series of new homo- and hetero-leptic copper() complexes have been prepared with various substituted polychelating 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene (hat) derivatives. The homoleptic complexes, the stability of which is strongly related to the number and nature of the substituents borne by their two identical acyclic hat ligands, appeared in general less stable than their corresponding heteroleptic complexes prepared with the similar hat acyclic ligand and a macrocycle derived from a 1,10-phenanthroline. The results show clearly that by tethering the first chelate to a macrocycle of adequate size, more stable complexes can be obtained. All the complexes described were characterized by fast atom bombardment and electrospray mass spectrometry.
BibTeX: @article{PUB1153, author = {Moucheron, Cecile and Dietrich-Buchecker, Christiane O. and Sauvage, Jean-Pierre and van Dorsselaer, Alain}, title = {Synthesis and characterization by fast atom bombardment and electrospray mass spectrometry of new copper(I) complexes with substituted 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylenes and macrocycles}, journal = {J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans.}, publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry}, year = {1994}, pages = {885-893}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/DT9940000885}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/DT9940000885} }
Karlsson, K., Moucheron, C. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Spectroscopic and electrochemical characterization of novel copper(I) complexes with 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene derivatives [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1994	New J. Chem. Vol. 18(6), pp. 721-729	article
Abstract: The effects of ligands (L), derivs. of 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene (TAP), on the spectroscopic and electrochem. properties of the corresponding CuI(L)2+ complexes are examd. and compared with those of the already known Cu(I) compds. with 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) derivs. Although tremendous changes occur when phen is replaced by TAP in octahedral Ru(II) complexes, the data in this paper show that this is not the case for the tetrahedral Cu(I) compds., at least in absorption, emission, and for the luminescence lifetimes. But the (photo)redox characteristics are drastically modified with the TAP ligands. Thus, whereas the Cu(I) complexes with phen derivs. are good reducing agents in the excited state, the corresponding TAP compds. are poor reductants; some are even oxidizing in the 3MLCT (Metal to Ligand Charge Transfer) state. Therefore, these oxidizing excited states are thermodynamically capable of abstracting an electron from hydroquinone. However, no luminescence quenching is obsd. in the presence of this reductant.
BibTeX: @article{PUB1176, author = {Karlsson, K. and Moucheron, C and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A}, title = {Spectroscopic and electrochemical characterization of novel copper(I) complexes with 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene derivatives}, journal = {New J. Chem.}, year = {1994}, volume = {18}, number = {6}, pages = {721-729} }
Reisse, J., Francois, H., Vandercammen, J., Fabre, O., de Mesmaeker, A.K., Maerschalk, C. and Delplancke, J.-L.	Sonoelectrochemistry in aqueous electrolyte: A new type of sonoelectroreactor [BibTeX]	1994	Electrochim. Acta Vol. 39(1), pp. 37 - 39	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB1592, author = {J. Reisse and H. Francois and J. Vandercammen and O. Fabre and A. Kirsch-de Mesmaeker and C. Maerschalk and J.-L. Delplancke}, title = {Sonoelectrochemistry in aqueous electrolyte: A new type of sonoelectroreactor }, journal = {Electrochim. Acta}, year = {1994}, volume = {39}, number = {1}, pages = {37 - 39}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0013468694850089}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(94)85008-9} }
Lecomte, J.-P., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Demeunynck, M. and Lhomme, J.	Synthesis and characterisation of a new DNA-binding bifunctional ruthenium(II) complex [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1993	J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. Vol. 89, pp. 3261-3269	article	DOI URL
Abstract: A new DNA-binding molecule, Ru(tap)POQ, in which a polypyridylruthenium() complex is linked to an aminochloroquinoline by a flexible chain, has been prepared and characterised (tap = 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene and POQ corresponds to a 1,10-phenanthroline linked to an aminochloroquinoline by an aliphatic chain). This complex is regarded as bifunctional because it contains two moieties of different binding modes and photoreactivities DNA. The H NMR data of this compound indicate the presence of an equilibrium between two molecular species. The spectroscopic properties of Ru(tap)POQ in absorption and luminescence are examined and compared with those of the corresponding ruthenium() complex which does not contain the aminochloroquinoline moiety: Ru(tap)phen. Luminescence relative quantum yields and lifetimes show that the MLCT excited-state behaviour is influenced by the presence of the linked quinoline. An intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer in one of the two species in equilibrium, is considered to be responsible for a quenching of the ruthenium() complex iuminescence. Preliminary results on the binding characteristics of Ru(tap)POQ to DNA and [poly(d[A-T])] from luminescence and thermal denaturation studies are reported. The intramolecular quenching of luminescence in Ru(tap)POQ is inhibited when it interacts with nucleic acids. Consequently, the resulting emission is more substantially enhanced in the presence of the polynucleotide relative to the luminescence increase observed with the reference complex, Ru(tap)phen.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0053, author = {Lecomte, J-P. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Demeunynck, M. and Lhomme, J.}, title = {Synthesis and characterisation of a new DNA-binding bifunctional ruthenium(II) complex}, journal = {J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans.}, publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry}, year = {1993}, volume = {89}, pages = {3261-3269}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/FT9938903261}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/FT9938903261} }
Didier, P., Ortmans, I., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Watts, R.J.	Electrochemistry and absorption and emission spectroscopy of new orthometalated complexes of rhodium(III) and iridium(III) with the ligands 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene and 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene [BibTeX]	1993	Inorg. Chem. Vol. 32(23), pp. 5239-5245	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB1593, author = {Didier, P. and Ortmans, I. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Watts, R. J.}, title = {Electrochemistry and absorption and emission spectroscopy of new orthometalated complexes of rhodium(III) and iridium(III) with the ligands 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene and 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene}, journal = {Inorg. Chem.}, year = {1993}, volume = {32}, number = {23}, pages = {5239-5245}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic00075a049}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00075a049} }
Jacquet, L. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Spectroelectrochemical characteristics and photophysics of a series of Ru(II) complexes with 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene: effects of polycomplexation [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1992	J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. Vol. 88, pp. 2471-2480	article	DOI URL
Abstract: A study of the photophysical mechanisms controlling the luminescence lifetimes of a series of Ru complexes based on the same [Ru-hat]* luminophore (hat = 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene), and extending from monometallic building blocks to polynuclear compounds, is presented, together with the relevant spectroscopic and redox data. The parameters which characterise these different mechanisms, the radiative and nonradiative deactivation rate constants of the MLCT (metal to ligand charge transfer) state and the thermal activation from this state to the MC (metal centred) and/or to another MLCT state, have been determined from the analyses of the curves obtained by plotting the lifetimes or intensities of luminescence as a function of temperature. The mathematical and experimental limitations of the analysis method have been investigated and determination of the parameters has been improved by using a new global analysis algorithm. Interestingly the comparison of the data for the monometallic and polynuclear complexes indicates that the (Ru-hat)* luminophore, which is common for the whole series, presents characteristics that change when the hat becomes a bridging ligand, those that depend on the vibration modes of the complex. Moreover, for these polynuclear compounds, there is no contribution of the MC state to the mechanism of control of the luminescence lifetime.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0231, author = {Jacquet, Luc and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée}, title = {Spectroelectrochemical characteristics and photophysics of a series of Ru(II) complexes with 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene: effects of polycomplexation}, journal = {J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans.}, publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry}, year = {1992}, volume = {88}, pages = {2471-2480}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/FT9928802471}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/FT9928802471} }
Lecomte, J.-P., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Kelly, J.M., Tossi, A.B. and Gorner, H.	Photo-Induced Electron Transfer from Nucleotides to Ruthenium tris-1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene: Model for Photosensitized DNA Oxidation [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1992	Photochem. Photobiol. Vol. 55(5), pp. 681-689	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Abstract— The luminescence quenching of ruthenium-tris-l,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene [Ru(tap)32+] by nucleotides approaches the diffusion rate only with guanosine-5′-monophosphate (GMP), the most reducing nucleotide, and leads to an electron transfer with the production of the monoreduced complex and the oxidized base. The resulting deprotonated GMP(-H)radical recombines with the monoreduced complex according to a bimolecular equimolar process.The pH dependence of the decay of the transient reduced complex, in the presence of an oxidant (oxygen or benzoquinone) indicates the formation of Ru(tap)2(tapH)2+i.e. the reduced protonated species, subsequent to the electron transfer, with a pKa of 7.6 as confirmed from pulse radiolysis experiments. As the non-protonated reduced complex, Ru(tap)2(tap2)+ has a higher reducing power than the protonated one, oxygen is able to reoxidize only the non-protonated species, whereas benzoquinone reoxidizes both species but with different rate constants.The flash photolysis of Ru(tap),2+ in the presence of DNA and the effect of Mg2+ ions and GMP as supplementary additives also show the existence of a photo-induced electron transfer with the nucleic acid, which can be correlated to the photosensitized cleavage of DNA by this complex.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0391, author = {Lecomte, Jean-Paul and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Kelly, John M. and Tossi, Alex B. and Gorner, Helmut}, title = {Photo-Induced Electron Transfer from Nucleotides to Ruthenium tris-1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene: Model for Photosensitized DNA Oxidation}, journal = {Photochem. Photobiol.}, year = {1992}, volume = {55}, number = {5}, pages = {681-689}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1992.tb08511.x}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1992.tb08511.x} }
Bell, S., Gordon, K., McGarvey, J., Martin, D., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Lecomte, J.-P.	Time-Resolved Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of the Excited States of Ru(II) Complexes with Novel Polynucleating Ligands [BibTeX]	1992	Vol. 68Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy V, pp. 113-116	incollection	DOI URL
BibTeX: @incollection{PUB1594, author = {Bell, S.E.J. and Gordon, K.C. and McGarvey, J.J. and Martin, D.I.C. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Lecomte, J.-P.}, title = {Time-Resolved Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of the Excited States of Ru(II) Complexes with Novel Polynucleating Ligands}, booktitle = {Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy V}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, year = {1992}, volume = {68}, pages = {113-116}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84771-4_33}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84771-4_33} }
Didier, P., Jacquet, L., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Hueber, R. and Van Dorsselaer, A.	Synthesis and characterization by FAB mass spectrometry of a series of new polymetallic homo- and heteronuclear complexes of ruthenium(II) and rhodium(III) with the symmetric bridging ligand 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene [BibTeX]	1992	Inorg. Chem. Vol. 31(23), pp. 4803-4809	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB1595, author = {Didier, P. and Jacquet, L. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Hueber, R. and Van Dorsselaer, A.}, title = {Synthesis and characterization by FAB mass spectrometry of a series of new polymetallic homo- and heteronuclear complexes of ruthenium(II) and rhodium(III) with the symmetric bridging ligand 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene}, journal = {Inorg. Chem.}, year = {1992}, volume = {31}, number = {23}, pages = {4803-4809}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic00049a017}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00049a017} }
de Buyl, F., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Tossi, A. and Kelly, J.M.	Medium dependence of the spectroscopic and photophysical properties of Ru(bpy)2(HAT)2+. The effect of solvent, pH and binding to polyelectrolytes [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1991	J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. Vol. 60(1), pp. 27-45	article	DOI URL
Abstract: In order to assess its usefulness as a probe for medium properties, the absorption, emission and excited state decay behaviour of Ru(bpy)2(HAT)2+ (bpy,2,2′-bipyridyl; HAT, 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene) were studied in various solvents, low temperature ethanol—methanol glasses, perfluorinated ionomer membranes (Nafion), in the presence of DNA or synthetic polynucleotides and in a solution of sodium polystyrenesulphonate (PSSS). The emission intensity and lifetime are quenched in acid solution and in protic solvents, increasing in the order H2O < ethanol (EtOH) < dimethylsulphoxide) DMSO) < CH3CN. The pKa values for the first two protonations of the HAT ligand in Ru(bpy)2(HAT)2+ (pKa1 = − 2.5, pKa2 = −4.3) have been determined. The spectroscopic and emission lifetime properties of the complex in Nafion membranes depend markedly on the swelling solvent and membrane hydration. The acidity of the H+-form membrane at different degrees of hydration was estimated by comparison with the absorption behaviour in acid solution. In the presence of DNA in aqueous solutions, the absorption of the complex is markedly altered, resembling that in low temperature glasses, and a 400% increase in the emission intensity and lifetime is observed. Spectroscopic changes are less marked with single-stranded than with double-stranded polynucleotides and very sensitive to the presence of salt cations. They increase in the order poly(dG).poly(dC) < poly[d(G---C)] < poly(dA).poly(dT) < calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) < poly[d(A---T)] (dG, deoxyguanylic acid; dC, deoxycytidylic acid; dA, deoxyadenylic acid; dT, deoxythymidylic acid). Results are consistent with the partial intercalation of the complex into DNA, with a preference for A---T stretches.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0225, author = {François de Buyl and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Alessandro Tossi and John M. Kelly}, title = {Medium dependence of the spectroscopic and photophysical properties of Ru(bpy)2(HAT)2+. The effect of solvent, pH and binding to polyelectrolytes}, journal = {J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem.}, year = {1991}, volume = {60}, number = {1}, pages = {27-45}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/101060309190003C}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1010-6030(91)90003-C} }
Orellana, G., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Barton, J.K. and Turro, N.J.	Photoinduced electron transfer quenching of excited Ru(II) polypyridyls bound to DNA: the role of the nucleic acid double helix [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1991	Photochem. Photobiol. Vol. 54(4), pp. 499-509	article	DOI URL
Abstract: In the presence of double helical polynucleotides (sodium poly(dA-dT)-poly(dA-dT) or calf thymus DNA), the efficiency of oxidative or reductive electron transfer between photoexcited ruthenium(II) chelates Ru(tap)2(hat)2+ or Ru(phen)⅔+ (where tap =1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene, hat = 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene, and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) and appropriate cationic quenchers (ethidium, Ru(NH3)3/6+, methyl viologen, or M(phen)3/3+, where M = Co, Rh, Cr) increases1–2 orders of magnitude compared to the efficiency of the same quenching in microhomogeneous aqueous medium (kq= 0.3-1.8 × 109 M's−1). The enhancement is more pronounced when the binding constant of the quencher (103 < Kh < 106M−1) is large. Similar trends are found when the biopolymers are replaced by sodium poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS). The accelerated electron transfer process is proposed to be due mainly to the effect of accumulation of the reagents in the electrostatic field of the polymer; if corrections for this effect are introduced (e.g. ratioing [quencher]/[polynucleotide]), the reaction rate becomes essentially independent of the polymer concentration. Based upon a model for electron transfer reaction of the complexes within a small cylindrical interface around the DNA helix, calculations of the bimolecular electron transfer rate constants are computed to be 10′ times smaller when the reactants are bound to the double-stranded polynucleotides and decreased mobility of the cationic species is apparent. The effect is less pronounced if a simpler polyelectrolyte (PSS) is employed. Emission lifetimes of the Ru(II) polypyridyls bound to the DNA (0.32–2μs, double exponential decays) are discussed as well.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0226, author = {Orellana, Guillermo and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Barton, Jacqueline K. and Turro, Nicholas J.}, title = {Photoinduced electron transfer quenching of excited Ru(II) polypyridyls bound to DNA: the role of the nucleic acid double helix}, journal = {Photochem. Photobiol.}, publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd}, year = {1991}, volume = {54}, number = {4}, pages = {499-509}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb02049.x}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb02049.x} }
Karlsson, K. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Pulsed laser induced photoelectrochemistry of polypyridinic ruthenium(II) complexes in water and in acetonitrile [BibTeX]	1991	J. Phys. Chem. Vol. 95(26), pp. 10681-10688	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB0227, author = {Karlsson, Katrin and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée}, title = {Pulsed laser induced photoelectrochemistry of polypyridinic ruthenium(II) complexes in water and in acetonitrile}, journal = {J. Phys. Chem.}, year = {1991}, volume = {95}, number = {26}, pages = {10681-10688}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/j100179a032}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100179a032} }
Masschelein, A., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Willsher, C.J. and Wilkinson, F.	Photophysics of RuII complexes with 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene, incorporated into sephadex SP C-25 [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1991	J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. Vol. 87, pp. 259-267	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Photophysical properties of Ru-tris-(1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene)[Ru(tap)], Ru-tris-(2,2[prime or minute]-bipyridine)[Ru(bpy)], Ru(bpy)(tap) and Ru(bpy)(tap) have been compared when they are incorporated into Sephadex SP C-25, a cation-exchange resin, the swelling characteristics of which depend on the solvent in which it is suspended. Transient absorptions detected using diffuse reflectance laser flash photolysis for each ruthenium complex in Sephadex have been observed and shown to have identical decay kinetics to their emissions and have therefore been assigned to absorptions due to triplet metal-ligand charge-transfer excited states, MLCT. Emission decays from the complexes in Sephadex usually gave longer lifetimes when dry or swollen with organic solvents and shorter lifetimes when swollen with water. In dilute fluid solution the decay of emission from these ruthenium complexes was monoexponential but the emission observed when they were incorporated in dry or swollen Sephadex showed deviation from a monoexponential decay which increased with the number of tap ligands in the complex. Some of these decays were analysed using a dispersive kinetics model in which a distribution of activation energies associated with the decays was assumed. Possible mechanisms to explain these results were discussed.
BibTeX: @article{PUB1596, author = {Masschelein, Axel and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andree and Willsher, Charles J. and Wilkinson, Frank}, title = {Photophysics of RuII complexes with 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene, incorporated into sephadex SP C-25}, journal = {J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans.}, publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry}, year = {1991}, volume = {87}, pages = {259-267}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/FT9918700259}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/FT9918700259} }
Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Orellana, G., Barton, J.K. and Turro, N.J.	Ligand-dependent interaction of ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes with DNA probed by emission spectroscopy [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1990	Photochem. Photobiol. Vol. 52(3), pp. 461-472	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Abstract— The nature of the interaction in buffered aqueous solution of several homo and heteroleptic ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes containing 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy), 2,2'-bipyrazine (bpz), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 4,7-diphenyl-l,10-phenanthroline (dip), 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-l,10-phenanthroline (tmp), 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene (tap), and 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene (hat) with calf thymus DNA and poly(dA-dT)-poly(dA-dT) (pdAT) has been investigated by steady-state spectroscopy and emission lifetime measurements. Those complexes containing two or more tap/hat ligands photo-oxidize the guanine base upon binding to DNA with efficiencies that parallel their excited state redox potentials, but display “normal” behavior (increase of both the emission intensity and lifetime) when bound to pdAT. However Ru(tap)(hat)22+ and Ru(hat)23+ even photooxidize the adenine base of pdAT, so that their excited states are also quenched in the presence of either polynucleotide. The electron transfer quenching mechanism has been confirmed previously by detection of the monoreduced complex in laser flash photolysis experiments in the presence of mononucleotides. Most of the complexes investigated appear to bind to DNA, at least in part via intercalation, with affinities being dependent on the nature of the largest ligand (hat shows the highest ability in heteroleptic complexes). From lifetime quenching experiments, in the presence of moderate amounts of NaCl, surface binding does not appear to be a general mode for the complexes investigated, and it has been demonstrated unequivocally only for Ru(phen)23+. In addition, the intercalation of complexes into DNA increases as the ionic strength of the medium decreases, the DNA/Ru ratio increases, or when water is partially replaced by glycerol.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0046, author = {Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Orellana, Guillermo and Barton, Jacqueline K. and Turro, Nicholas J.}, title = {Ligand-dependent interaction of ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes with DNA probed by emission spectroscopy}, journal = {Photochem. Photobiol.}, publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd}, year = {1990}, volume = {52}, number = {3}, pages = {461-472}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1990.tb01787.x}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1990.tb01787.x} }
Masschelein, A., Jacquet, L., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Nasielski, J.	Ruthenium complexes with 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene. Unusual photophysical behavior of the tris-homoleptic compound [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1990	Inorg. Chem. Vol. 29(4), pp. 855-860	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The photophysical and electrochemical properties of the series of complexes Ru(bpy)n(tap)3-n(2+) (n = 0-3) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; tap = 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) have been examined and compared with those of the other previously studied series. Although the mixed-ligand complexes seem to follow the same sequence of photophysical behaviors described in the literature for other series, the homoleptic Ru(tap)3(2+) presents peculiar properties; it is the only one whose emission lifetime does not seem to be controlled by the nonradiative deactivation from the 'MLCT (metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer triplet), but by the intersystem crossing to the 3MC (metal-centered triplet) state, responsible for the photolability of the complex. The luminescence quenching by CI- ions and the emission lifetimes as a function of temperature, in absence and presence of CI-, suggest that there would be a dynamic coupling of the 3MLCT with the 'MC through a rapid equilibrium between those states, at least in acetonitrile.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0224, author = {Masschelein, A. and Jacquet, L. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Nasielski, J.}, title = {Ruthenium complexes with 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene. Unusual photophysical behavior of the tris-homoleptic compound}, journal = {Inorg. Chem.}, year = {1990}, volume = {29}, number = {4}, pages = {855-860}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic00329a056}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00329a056} }
Kelly, J.M., Feeney, M., Tossi, A., Lecomte, J. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Interaction of tetra-azaphenanthrene ruthenium complexes with DNA and oligonucleotides. A photophysical and photochemical investigation [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1990	Anticancer. Drug Des. Vol. 5, pp. 69-75	article
Abstract: The interaction of complexes Ru(bpy)n(TAP)3-n2+ (1a-1d for n = 0-3) with DNA has been investigated using photophysical methods (emission spectroscopy and laser flash photolysis), by studying the induction of single-strand breaks in plasmid DNA and the formation of adducts using 32P-labelled 27-mer oligonucleotides. Two classes of behaviour are found. Complexes 1a and 1b show quenched emission in the presence of calf thymus DNA and yield photoadducts with the 27-mer, whereas 1c and 1d show enhanced emission and do not form photoadducts. 1a and 1b are more efficient sensitizers for single-strand breaks than are 1c and 1d. It is proposed that the excited states of 1a and 1b, which are stronger oxidizing agents than those of 1c and 1d, are capable of oxidizing guanine. Direct evidence for electron transfer has been obtained from laser flash photolysis of Ru(TAP)3(2+) and dGMP, CT-DNA and polynucleotides.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0510, author = {Kelly, J. M. and Feeney, M.M. and Tossi, A.B. and Lecomte, J.P. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.}, title = {Interaction of tetra-azaphenanthrene ruthenium complexes with DNA and oligonucleotides. A photophysical and photochemical investigation}, journal = {Anticancer. Drug Des.}, year = {1990}, volume = {5}, pages = {69-75} }
Orellana, G., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Turro, N.J.	Ruthenium-99 NMR spectroscopy of ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes [BibTeX]	1990	Inorg. Chem. Vol. 29(4), pp. 882-885	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB1592, author = {Orellana, Guillermo and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andree and Turro, Nicholas J.}, title = {Ruthenium-99 NMR spectroscopy of ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes}, journal = {Inorg. Chem.}, year = {1990}, volume = {29}, number = {4}, pages = {882-885}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic00329a063}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00329a063} }
Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Jacquet, L., Masschelein, A., Vanhecke, F. and Heremans, K.	Resonance Raman spectra and spectroelectrochemical properties of mono- and polymetallic ruthenium complexes with 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1989	Inorg. Chem. Vol. 28(12), pp. 2465-2470	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The resonance Raman spectra of the monometallic heteroleptic complexes of HAT (1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene) and bpy (2,2'-bipyridine) are discussed as a function of the excitation wavelength, in relation to the MLCT (metal to ligand charge transfer) transitions from the Ru2+ to the ligand HAT or bpy and to the spectroelectrochemical correlation obtained from the spectroscopic and electrochemical data. The same analyses are performed with the bi- and trimetallic complexes [Ru(bpy)2(2+)]2HAT and [Ru(bpy)2(2+)]3HAT, respectively. In the trimetallic compound, the large and intense MLCT band centered around 580 nm is attributed only to Ru-HAT transitions and the much less intense band, at -400 nm, to Ru-bpy transitions. SERR (surface enhanced resonance Raman) spectra, recorded when rR measurements were not possible because of some luminescence of the complexes, emphasize specific effects of the silver sol.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0223, author = {Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Jacquet, L. and Masschelein, A. and Vanhecke, F. and Heremans, K.}, title = {Resonance Raman spectra and spectroelectrochemical properties of mono- and polymetallic ruthenium complexes with 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene}, journal = {Inorg. Chem.}, year = {1989}, volume = {28}, number = {12}, pages = {2465-2470}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic00311a043}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00311a043} }
Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Jacquet, L. and Nasielski, J.	Ruthenium(II) complexes of 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene (TAP) and 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy). Ground- and excited-state basicities of Ru2+(bpy)n(TAP)3-n (n = 0,1,2): their luminescence quenching by organic buffers [BibTeX]	1988	Inorg. Chem. Vol. 27(24), pp. 4451-4458	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB0222, author = {Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Jacquet, L. and Nasielski, J.}, title = {Ruthenium(II) complexes of 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene (TAP) and 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy). Ground- and excited-state basicities of Ru2+(bpy)n(TAP)3-n (n = 0,1,2): their luminescence quenching by organic buffers}, journal = {Inorg. Chem.}, year = {1988}, volume = {27}, number = {24}, pages = {4451-4458}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic00297a023}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00297a023} }
Kelly, J.M., McConnell, D.J., OhUigin, C., Tossi, A.B., Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Masschelein, A. and Nasielski, J.	Ruthenium polypyridyl complexes; their interaction with DNA and their role as sensitisers for its photocleavage [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1987	J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., pp. 1821-1823	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The excited state of the 1,4,5,8-tetra-azaphenanthrene complex, [Ru(TAP)], which unlike [Ru(phen)](phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) or [Ru(bipy)](bipy = 2,2[prime or minute]-bipyridyl) is strongly quenched upon binding to poly[d(G-C)], is found to be much more effective than either [Ru(phen)] or [Ru(bipy)] in causing cleavage of the DNA backbone.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0221, author = {Kelly, John M. and McConnell, David J. and OhUigin, Colm and Tossi, Alessandro B. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée and Masschelein, Axel and Nasielski, Jacques}, title = {Ruthenium polypyridyl complexes; their interaction with DNA and their role as sensitisers for its photocleavage}, journal = {J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun.}, publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry}, year = {1987}, pages = {1821-1823}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C39870001821}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C39870001821} }
Fichou, D. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Pulsed laser-induced photopotentials at the cobalt-photosensitized ZnO/electrolyte interface [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1986	J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. Vol. 215(1-2), pp. 161 - 178	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The time-resolved photoelectrochemical behavior of Co2+-photosensitized ZnO electrodes is investigated in the 10âˆ’8âˆ’10âˆ’2 s time domain using the pulsed laser-induced photopotential technique. The influence of various parameters, such as the excitation wavelength (365 or 640 nm), the open-circuit prepolarization potential, the presence of hydroquinone as a reducing agent in the electrolyte, as well as the electrode surface pretreatment is analysed qualitatively. Although the Co2+:3d7 ions extend the ZnO photoresponse to the whole visible range when they occupy the tetrahedral position inside the lattice, they are shown to induce eâˆ’-h+ recombinations which develop within multiple successive time domains and originate from either the surface or the depletion region of the electrode. The similar kinetic behavior of the ZnO:Co/electrolyte interface when excited in the UV (band-to-band transitions) or the visible (Co2+:3d7 intra-ionic transitions) range, suggests that the photocarriers are always under control of the ZnO structure.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0676, author = {Denis Fichou and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée}, title = {Pulsed laser-induced photopotentials at the cobalt-photosensitized ZnO/electrolyte interface}, journal = {J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem.}, year = {1986}, volume = {215}, number = {1-2}, pages = {161 - 178}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0022072886870139}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(86)87013-9} }
Fichou, D. and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.	Transient photopotentials at the cobalt-doped zinc oxide/electrolyte interface [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1986	Chem. Phys. Lett. Vol. 132(2), pp. 128 - 132	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The time evolution of the pulsed-laser-induced photopotentials of pure and cobalt-sensitized ZnO electrodes is analyzed after 365 and 640 nm excitations. This analysis, as a function of various parameters, enables a determination of the influence of Co2+ ions and excitation wavelength on the kinetics of electron-hole recombination and electron transfer at the interface to be made.
BibTeX: @article{PUB0678, author = {Denis Fichou and Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, Andrée}, title = {Transient photopotentials at the cobalt-doped zinc oxide/electrolyte interface}, journal = {Chem. Phys. Lett.}, year = {1986}, volume = {132}, number = {2}, pages = {128 - 132}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0009261486800938}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(86)80093-8} }
Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Maetens, D. and Nasielski-Hinkens, R.	Photoelectrochemistry of a new ruthenium complex, the Ru(II)-tris-(1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) dication [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1985	J.Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. Vol. 182(1), pp. 123-132	article	DOI URL
Abstract: It is shown that the excited states of Ru(TAP)2+3 (TAP ≡ 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) and Ru(TAPMe2)2+3 (TAPMe2 ≡ 2,7-dimethyl-1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) are too weak reductants to be oxidized at SnO2 electrodes. On the other hand, in the presence of a reducing agent such as hydroquinone, the photo-generated reduced complexes are able to inject electrons into the SnO2 conduction band. The good agreement between the Stern-Volmer constants obtained by luminescence quenching and by photoelectrochemistry confirms this electron transfer process.
BibTeX: @article{PUB1121, author = {Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and D. Maetens and R. Nasielski-Hinkens}, title = {Photoelectrochemistry of a new ruthenium complex, the Ru(II)-tris-(1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) dication }, journal = {J.Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem.}, year = {1985}, volume = {182}, number = {1}, pages = {123-132}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0368187485854459}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0368-1874(85)85445-9} }
Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Nasielski-Hinkens, R., Maetens, D., Pauwels, D. and Nasielski, J.	Synthesis and spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of a new ruthenium complex: the tris(1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene)ruthenium(II) dication [BibTeX]	1984	Inorg. Chem. Vol. 23(3), pp. 377-379	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB0216, author = {Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. and Nasielski-Hinkens, R. and Maetens, D. and Pauwels, D. and Nasielski, J.}, title = {Synthesis and spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of a new ruthenium complex: the tris(1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene)ruthenium(II) dication}, journal = {Inorg. Chem.}, year = {1984}, volume = {23}, number = {3}, pages = {377-379}, url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic00171a022}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00171a022} }
Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A., Wilputte-Steinert, L. and Nasielski, J.	Visible region photoelectrochemistry of (2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)Cu(I) [BibTeX]	1980	Inorganica Chimica Acta Vol. 45(0), pp. L37-L39	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{PUB1177, author = {Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A and L. Wilputte-Steinert and J. Nasielski}, title = {Visible region photoelectrochemistry of (2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)Cu(I) }, journal = {Inorganica Chimica Acta }, year = {1980}, volume = {45}, number = {0}, pages = {L37-L39}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020169300800857}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0020-1693(00)80085-7} }

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